Eastern cicada killers (Sphecius speciosus) are intimidatingly large wasps. They dig burrows each summer in well-drained lawns, fields, and other areas. Their excavations begin a few weeks after the annual cicadas start singing.
In this picture below the female cicada killer is carrying a paralyzed annual cicada back to her burrow, where she will put it in a nest cell, lay an egg on it, and seal the cell. After a few days a grub will hatch from the egg, eat the cicada and then over-winter underground in a hard cocoon which it creates. In the spring the grub will pupate, hatch in the summer, and dig its way to the surface and live above ground for 2-6 weeks repeating the cycle above.
The cicada killer has adapted its life cycle to be in sync with that of its hosts, the cicadas. They spend over 90% of their life underground as a larva, emerge in summer, reproduce, and then die. Like most hunting and parasitic wasps, the cicada killer is a beneficial insect, preying on cicadas which damage deciduous trees.
References:
Prof. Chuck Holliday's Cicada Killer Pages