Thursday, May 31, 2007

Thrasher

This afternoon there was an adult and a fledgling Brown Thrasher (Toxostoma rufum) foraging together in the backyard. The Brown Thrasher is the state bird of Georgia. It is described as a large, skulking bird of thickets and hedgerows. Their populations are declining slowly throughout range due to the maturation of shrublands in the East and the elimination of fence rows and shelter belts in the Great Plains.

Thrashers fledge the nest at 9 days, which is several days earlier than related bird species such as the Mockingbird or Gray Catbird (both species are also nesting in our yard).

Nest Update: House Finch Nest 2

And then there was one...

The finches started fledging Tuesday.
One left the the nest, but 4 remained.

Wednesday 2 more fledged, leaving 2 in the nest.
This morning 1 more fledged, leaving 1 lone finch at the nest.
As you can see it is out of the nest and on the ledge, this behavior is called "branching".
I am sure it will take it's first flight soon.

Sunday, May 27, 2007

Maypop

Our passionflower vine, also commonly called maypop (Passiflora incarnata), has finally taken off. We planted the vine along the fence in our backyard 3 years ago. It had no flowers and little growth for two years, but this year has come into its own, covering a large section of the fence and producing numerous flowers.

Maypop is a perennial native to the southeast. It produces beautifully complex flowers during late spring - summer. Flowers are pollinated by bumblebees. The fruits are egg shaped and are edible when ripened, though they are very seedy and best left for wildlife to eat.

This vine is a host plant for several butterflies including: Variegated Fritillary, Gulf Fritillary, Zebra Longwing, and Julia butterflies.

Saturday, May 26, 2007

Nest Update: House Finch Nest 2


All 5 house finch nestlings are hanging in there. They are still being well fed by both parents despite the poor weather conditions (extremely dry and hot). They are growing fast and we expect to see them fledge by the end of next week.

Monday, May 21, 2007

Crickets?

Have you ever found one of these in your shed or basement? I found one in my bathtub last night. It is a Camel Cricket (Ceuthophilus sp.) or some refer to it as a Cave Cricket. While their appearance is sure give you the creepy crawlies, they are in fact very harmless.

They are a brownish, humpbacked cricket, have very long antennae and are wingless. In the wild they are found in caves and cave-like habitats. They like dark, moist environments, which is why they are sometimes found in basements and are a sign that you have a moisture problem! They are easy to discourage, just eliminate the dark damp habitat they prefer.

References:
Camel Crickets. Insect Identification Laboratory, Department of Entomology at Virginia Tech.

Nuthatch Update

It appears that the brown-headed nuthatches may attempt a second brood this nesting season. Last week we observed them excavating a cavity high in a maple snag (dead tree) in the backyard. Then they appeared to leave it alone for a few days. Today they are busily bringing nesting material to the cavity. According to the Birds of North America, it is very rare for this species to double brood and few cases of double brooding have been recorded. We will have to keep an eye on this pair to see if they will actually lay a second clutch.

Here is the video I made yesterday morning that confirmed our suspicions of nest building, in one segment you will see one of the nuthatches bring a piece of bark to the cavity that takes quit a bit of work and maneuvering to get it inside!



Added note: We saw at least 1 of the fledglings from the last brood, possible 2 of them over the weekend with the adults. You can distinguish the immature nuthatches from the adults by their grayish heads and lack of the white marking on the nape of the neck.

Nest Update: House Finch Nest 2

The house finch nestlings are 6 days old today. They typically fledge the nest at 14 days old, which will be on May 29th.



This picture is of the female finch taking a nap with her kids this morning.

Both parents have been diligently feeding all 5 hungry birds. In the video below you can see the male feeding the nestlings by regurgitating seeds, flower buds, and the occasional insect.

Saturday, May 19, 2007

Hummingbirds












Starting a week ago, our hummingbird feeder has become quite popular with the Ruby-throated Hummingbirds (Archilochus colubris) in the area. This species is the only summer resident (breeding) hummingbird in Georgia, and in the entire east coast.

They arrive here from Central America in early May. They build nests out of thistle and dandelion down, held together with spider web and covered on outside with lichens high up in trees. The usually lay 2 eggs and if the first nest is successful they may lay a second clutch.

Having a hummingbird feeder is a great way to attract and see these little birds. You can buy a feeder at just about any department or garden store. Making food is easy, it is just 1 part sugar to 4 parts water. You have to use real sugar and not sugar substitute, those little birds need the calories! The way I usually make it is by heating up the water, adding the sugar making sure to dissolve it, and then allowing it to cool in a container in the fridge. You have to change and clean this type of feeder twice a week, since the food spoils quickly, especially when it is warm outside, and you do not want to get your visiting hummers sick! But keeping it clean is easily rewarded by having hummingbirds constantly visiting your feeder.

Here is a short clip of some hummingbirds at the feeder this morning. They are mostly females and young sub-adult males (with thin red striping and blotches on the throat, not quite fully ruby yet!).

Tuesday, May 15, 2007

Nest Update: House Finch Nest 2

The House Finches 2nd brood hatched early this morning, 5 hatchlings in all. Both the female and male have been taking turns watching and feeding them.

And in case you were wondering, their 1st brood is around and doing well. While the female has been incubating the 2nd brood, the male has tended the 1st. In fact I saw the whole family at the bird bath this weekend. They are pretty much self sufficient now and able to feed themselves, but it does not stop them from begging for food anytime one of the parents is nearby.

Monday, May 14, 2007

Mother's Day Bird Count

This morning's backyard bird count yielded 19 year round residents, 2 winter residents, and 8 summer residents; we are now seeing a large increase in summer residents.




Below is a graph depicting all the bird counts I have posted, showing a change over in the bird community in our backyard:



Here is the count list. I have indicated if the bird is a year round resident, winter resident, or summer resident. I have also indicated the conservation status of each species.

Eastern Towhee
(Pipilo erythrophthalmus)
Year Round Resident, Populations declining throughout range

Northern Mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos)
Year Round Resident, Common and widespread

Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis)
Year Round Resident, Population density and range increasing

Tufted Titmouse (Baeolophus bicolor)
Year Round Resident, Populations increasing and expanding range northward

Eastern Phoebe (Sayornis phoebe)
Year Round Resident, Populations stable

Carolina Wren (Thryothorus ludovicianus)
Year Round Resident, Populations stable or increasing

Carolina Chickadee (Poecile carolinensis)
Year Round Resident, Slight, but significant population decreases across range

Brown-headed Nuthatch (Sitta pusilla)
Year Round Resident, Decreasing because of habitat degradation

Brown Thrasher
(Toxostoma rufum)
Year Round Resident, Populations declining slowly throughout range

Blue Jay (Cyanocitta cristata)
Year Round Resident, There is a slight but significant decline in Blue Jay numbers across the United States, with most of the decline in the East

House Finch (Cyanocitta cristata)
Year Round Resident, Common and benefiting from human development

American Robin (Turdus migratorius)
Year Round Resident, Populations stable or increasing throughout its range

Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura)
Year Round Resident, Widespread and abundant

Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater)
Year Round Resident, Common bird across most of North America, but numbers are declining in most areas

Common Grackle (Quiscalus quiscula)
Year Round Resident, Abundant and widespread

Hairy Woodpecker (Picoides villosus)
Year Round Resident, Common and widespread

Red-bellied Woodpecker (Melanerpes carolinus)
Year Round Resident, Populations are increasing throughout most of range

American Crow
(Corvus brachyrhynchos)
Year Round Resident, Populations slightly, but significantly increasing

Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo jamaicensis)
Year Round Resident, Populations increasing across most of range

Chipping Sparrow (Spizella passerine)
Summer (Breeding) Resident, Populations appear healthy

House Wren (Troglodytes aedon)
Summer (Breeding) Resident, Populations increasing

Gray Catbird (Dumetella carolinensis)
Summer (Breeding) Resident, Number in Southeast declining

Summer Tanager (Piranga rubra)
Summer (Breeding) Resident, Most populations stable

Wood Thrush (Hylocichla mustelina)
Summer (Breeding) Resident, Is a high conservation concern due to long-term population declines

Chimney Swift (Chaetura pelagica)
Summer (Breeding) Resident, Populations declining throughout range

Great Crested Flycatcher
(Myiarchus crinitus)
Summer (Breeding) Resident, Populations stable

Ruby Throated Hummingbird
(Archilochus colubris)
Summer (Breeding) Resident, Populations appear stable

White-throated Sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis)
Winter Resident, Declining over much of breeding range

Cedar Waxwing (Bombycilla cedrorum)
Winter Resident, Populations increasing throughout range

For more information on point counts, visit the Point Count Database: www.pwrc.usgs.gov/point/

References:

http://www.birds.cornell.edu/AllAboutBirds/BirdGuide

Monday, May 7, 2007

Green Lynx

The green lynx is a hunting spider that runs over low shrubs and herbs with great agility, leaping from place to place with great precision. Their relatively keen eyesight is comparable to that of the wolf and fishing spiders. They often pause and assume a characteristic prey-catching posture to await their victims. Although they trail a web-line even when jumping, they do not make use of webs to capture their prey.

They are of interest in agricultural pest management due to their hunting of insects that cause crop damage, and they are a welcome addition to our garden.














This is a green lynx that lived in our tomato plants last summer.

The life cycle of the green lynx is short, about one year. It begins with the female constructing her egg sac 21 to 28 days after mating, which occurs in July and August. The egg sac is light green when first constructed but becomes straw colored with age. After an egg sac is constructed, the female guards it continuously and vigorously. Usually, she hangs upside down from the sac and will rush at anything that threatens it. Each egg sac contains an average of 200 eggs. Emergence from the egg sac occurs within 10 to 13 days after the eggs have hatched. The female spider helps the young to emerge by tearing open the egg sac, but in an emergency green lynx spiderlings can make their own exit holes from the egg sac. Spiderlings pass through eight instars (a stage of larval development between molting their exoskeleton) before reaching sexual maturity, the total time from egg sac emergence to maturity, can be up to 300 days. Green lynx spiderlings overwinter as early instar spiderlings.




















This is a spiderling that is currently living in our herb garden along with many other spiderlings. It still has a few more instars to go before it reaches maturity.


References:

University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences
http://creatures.ifas.ufl.edu/beneficial/green_lynx_spider.htm